POSTFIX UBUNTU 18.04

POSTFIX 強制開啟郵件加密的功能,解除GMAIL的未加密的安全警示.

編輯postfix 的設定檔.
vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

#加入下語法
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_security_level = may

上面的語法會對對方支援加密的條件下,優先加密發送經過TLS加密的信件.但是當對方伺服器無加密功能時也不會強制退件.

unexpected , output=”/var/lib/amavis/tmp/amavis 權限不足的問題

Clamd-deamon + amavisd + postfix 防毒的問題出現權限不足的問題

Sep 27 04:35:52 mail amavis[18546]: (18546-05) (!)run_av (ClamAV-clamd) FAILED – unexpected , output=”/var/lib/amavis/tmp/amavis- /parts: lstat() failed: Permission denied. ERROR\n”
Sep 27 04:35:52 mail amavis[18546]: (18546-05) (!)ClamAV-clamd av-scanner FAILED: CODE(0x55cf0e68f050) unexpected , output=”/var/lib/amavis/tmp/amavis parts: lstat() failed: Permission denied. ERROR\n” at (eval 110) line 950.
Sep 27 04:35:52 mail amavis[18546]: (18546-05) (!)WARN: all primary virus scanners failed, considering backups

最近設置好的郵件防毒和出現權限的問題

sudo usermod -a -G clamav amavis
sudo usermod -a -G amavis clamav

把clamav 和amavis兩個權限互給-

sudo service postfix restart
sudo service amavis restart
sudo service clamav-daemon restart
之後重新啟動就可以解決了

Ubuntu 18.04/19.04 安裝Draw.io 好用的繪圖軟體 (也有WINDOWS和MAC)

draw.io 是一個非常好用的繪圖軟體.他提供了非常多常用的ICON用來設計圖,使用上非常的直覺.他也提供了離線版本:
https://github.com/jgraph/drawio-desktop/releases
這裡有持續更新的最新版本 /你可以在這裡下載到 Windows Installer, Window No Installer, Mac, Linux – deb, snap, AppImage or rpm 的幾種安裝格式.

Ubuntu提供snap版本的

在 snap 上安裝--

sudo snap install drawio --edge

uBuntu 19.04 /rc.local 重建手術

最近把家裡的centos 7伺服器改成了新19.04版本的,但是發現完全找不到開機執行的RC.LOCAL 檔,只好自行重建了

1.建立一個rc.local 服務

sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service

[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionPathExists=/etc/rc.local
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
StandardOutput=tty
RemainAfterExit=yes
SysVStartPriority=99

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

完成後存檔記錄.

1.建立一個/etc/rc.local 檔

sudo touch /etc/rc.local
sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local

sudo vi /etc/rc.local

加入預設的啟動SHELL內容:
#!/bin/sh -e

exit 0;

3.建立開機時的執行服務啟動

sudo systemctl enable rc-local

重新啟動電腦就完成設置了.


樹苺派BUSTER (DEBIAN 10) 安裝PHP7.3 +LARAVEL+RASPBERRYPI

樹苺派在2019年升級到了新的debian 10 也提供了新版本的php 使用,所以我們今天就針對php版本重新進行安裝,基本的laravel的環境.

安裝 php-7.3 及php_fpm

sudo apt install php7.3 php7.3-curl php7.3-gd php7.3-imap php7.3-json php7.3-mysql php7.3-opcache php7.3-xmlrpc php7.3-xml php7.3-fpm php7.3-zip php7.3-mbstring php7.3-sqlite3 php7.3-cli php7.3-readline -y



修改PHP7.3-FPM 使用者改為PI

vi /etc/php/7.3/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
#—-以下內容修改
#把 www-data 改成pi
;user = www-data
;group = www-data

user = pi
group = pi

###
;listen.owner = www-data
;listen.group = www-data
改成
listen.owner = pi
listen.group = pi

啟動PHP7.3-FPM

service php7.3-fpm start
systemctl enable php7.3-fpm


安裝Composer

sudo apt-get install composer




安裝 nodejs 和 npm

sudo apt-get install nodejs
sudo apt-get install npm


因為laravel需要用到nodejs所以安裝這些套件

安裝NIGNX HTTPD 伺服器

sudo apt-get install nginx


設定 nginx 的使用者為pi

sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user www-data;
user pi;


修改預設的伺服器的php

sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #       include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    #
    #       # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
    #       fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock;
    #       # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
    #       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #       deny all;
    #}
#
location ~ \.php$ {
       include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
#
#       # With php-fpm (or other unix sockets):
       fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock;
#       # With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
#       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
       deny all;
}

啟動NGINX

sudo serivce nginx start
sudo systemctl enable nginx

安裝laravel

composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel –prefer-dist
生成的laravel目錄會放置於/home/pi/laravel

設定nginx目錄指向laravel

sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

#原始內容
    root /var/www/html;

    # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
    index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
#更改為以下內容    
root /home/pi/laravel/public;

    # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
    index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

重新啟動NGINX

sudo serivce nginx start


打完收功

Raspberrypi 樹苺派設定固定IP

前言

樹苺派設定固定IP的方式:

啟動eth0的網路

vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

#auto eth0 是啟動!!!
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.222
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 168.95.1.1 8.8.8.8

DNS 設定: (一般首次設定時會)

vi /etc/reslove.conf

nameserver 168.95.1.1
nameserver 8.8.8.8

多重網路開啟時:

如果要同時開立無線網路/及有線網路時要指定default gateway

sudo route add default gw 192.168.1.1